DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences143TOXIC PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS OF ECHIUM AMOENUM FISCH. & MEY.122127MITRA MEHRABANIALIREZA GHANNADIEBRAHIM SAJJADINASROLAH GHASSEMIMOHAMMADREZA SHAMS-ARDAKANI20151006Toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids are present in some species of Echium (Boraginaceae). In this study petals of Echium amoenum Fisch. & Mey. (Gol-e-Gavzaban) as a popular herbal medicine in Iran, were investigated for pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). The alkaloids were separated and purified by preparative TLC and characterized by IR, one and two dimensional 1H and 13C-NMR and Mass spectroscopy. Four toxic alkaloids namely: echimidine I, echimidine isomer II, 7-angeloyl retronecine III and 7-tigloyl retronecine IV were identified.https://daru.tums.ac.ir/index.php/daru/article/view/277https://daru.tums.ac.ir/index.php/daru/article/download/277/277